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Food allergies – causes of their occurrence
Food allergies are the result of a complex interaction of many factors. Genetic predisposition plays an important role: some people have an increased propensity for allergic reactions due to hereditary factors. Early environmental exposures, including the introduction of new foods into the diet early in life, may also play a role in the development of food allergies. Some studies also suggest a link between an imbalance in intestinal microflora and an increased risk of allergic reactions.
Differences between food allergies and food intolerances
Food allergies and food intolerance are often confused because of similar symptoms, but they are different pathological conditions. A food allergy is an immunologic reaction of the body to certain food components, most often proteins. This reaction can be serious and even life-threatening. On the other hand, food intolerance is usually caused by a deficiency of certain enzymes needed to properly digest food. This is usually less dangerous, but can also cause discomfort and some unpleasant symptoms.
Risk comparison: allergic reactions and food intolerance
Allergic reactions to food can pose a significant health risk, especially in the case of severe allergies such as anaphylactic shock. Allergies can cause a rapid and intense immune system response, including inflammation and swelling of the airways. In certain cases, this can lead to restricted breathing and loss of consciousness.
On the other hand, food intolerance, while it can cause discomfort, is usually less life and health threatening. Intolerance is usually due to a lack of enzymes needed to fully digest certain food components. This can cause unpleasant symptoms such as abdominal bloating, gas and diarrhea, but rarely leads to serious complications.
It is important to note that if a food allergy or intolerance is suspected, it is important to see a qualified physician for an accurate diagnosis and to develop an appropriate risk and symptom management plan.
Main signs of allergic reactions to food
Allergic reactions to food can manifest themselves with a wide range of symptoms, from mild to severe and even dangerous. It is important to know the main signs of an allergic reaction in order to take timely action and get medical help if necessary.
One of the most common symptoms is a skin reaction such as itching, redness, rashes, or swelling. Skin reactions may be limited or cover large areas of the body.
The next typical sign is a respiratory tract reaction such as difficulty breathing, a scratchy throat, sneezing or runny nose. In some cases, allergic reactions can affect the airways so severely that they cause asthmatic symptoms or even anaphylactic shock.
Food allergies can also cause gastrointestinal problems such as nausea, vomiting, stomachaches and diarrhea.
At the first suspicion of a food allergy, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. Treatment and management of allergies requires a professional approach and planning.
Food allergies – potentially allergenic foods
Food allergies can be caused by a variety of foods that are commonly found in our food. Here are some of the most potentially allergenic foods:
Food allergies to milk
Milk and dairy products such as cheese, yogurt and butter can cause allergic reactions in some people. Milk allergies most often appear in early childhood and can cause a wide range of symptoms from skin rashes to breathing problems.
Cereal allergy
This category includes wheat, rye, oats and barley. The gluten in grains can be the cause of allergies or intolerances in some people. Although cereal allergies are less common than celiac disease (a similar condition but not allergic), they can still cause unpleasant symptoms.
Egg allergy
Eggs, especially the protein, can cause allergic reactions. This is one of the most common food allergies in children. Symptoms can range from skin manifestations to more serious reactions, including anapylactic shock.
Food allergies to nuts, including peanuts
Nuts, including peanuts, can cause severe allergic reactions in some people. Nut allergies can be especially dangerous because of the high risk of anaphylactic shock.
Soy allergy
Soy and soy products can cause allergic reactions in some people. It can manifest itself with a variety of symptoms, including skin reactions and breathing problems.
Allergy to fish and seafood
Fish and seafood can cause allergic reactions, sometimes very serious. Even small amounts of fish or traces of fish in a dish can cause severe symptoms in sensitive people.
Diagnosis of food allergies
Diagnosing food allergies requires a comprehensive approach. The doctor usually begins by taking a detailed medical history to understand the nature of the symptoms and possible links to certain foods. Allergy testing, such as skin tests or blood tests for IgE antibodies, may then be ordered.
Effective treatments for food allergies in adults and children
Treatment of food allergic reactions depends on their type and severity. Moderate to severe reactions may require immediate intervention, including the use of antihistamines and epinephrine in the case of anaphylactic shock. Less severe reactions may require symptomatic relief and avoidance of potentially allergenic foods.
Tips for preventing food allergies
Prevention of food allergies may include the following measures:
– Breastfeeding: Breast milk promotes healthy microflora in infants, which may reduce the risk of allergies.
– Late introduction of allergenic foods: Introducing potentially allergenic foods into a child’s diet after 6 months of age, together with other foods, may reduce the risk of allergies.
– Avoiding potential allergens: If you are allergic to certain foods, it is important to avoid eating them and to read the composition of the food carefully.
– Consultation with a physician: If allergies or intolerances are suspected, it is important to consult a specialist for an accurate diagnosis and development of a management plan.
Remember that every allergy case is different, so it is important to get expert medical care for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
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